I wish we could stay up there are 50
names so from a personal viewpoint I was
happening that we went from five to nine
days okay a big team to launch something
like the teacher saw us complex they're
used in communications of the shuttle to
the shoulder are in orbit and it also
used process data from a lot of the NASA
satellites such as the Hubble Space
Telescope
there's been a lot of things said about
the ozone layer and what displays it
what doesn't certainly I think it's well
documented that it can be destroyed both
by natural phenomena and man-made
phenomena but the extent of the damage
and how those things play against
natural cycles in the ozone layer is not
well understood
lower body negative pressure in
conjunction with fluid voting has proved
to be a more effective countermeasure
than food loading by itself with regard
to orthostatic intolerance what that
will cause is a stress on the heart
roughly equivalent to one gravity
I don't consider Mike the rookie on this
back he's very knowledgeable person has
been around the system and made very
large contributions and I feel like he's
won two or three times
you
this was taxing end of the ramp our
second launch attempt getting ready to
go for a mission and again as you saw
there by that little bit of a lead in a
lot of things go on leading up to a
flight a lot of training and that was a
little bit of a summary of it just to
try to capitulate that time frame of the
flight
this is about 7am we're getting our
launch and entry suits on and get them
all checked out before we go out to the
vehicle
it's going out to the crew van I think
if I could remember the time about I'd
say 750 in the morning out on the pad
and about this time during the count you
really start putting your thinking hat
on because you got to go to work and
main engines start running and we run
them for about six seconds the computers
make sure they're good and all the smart
people figured out how to make all that
work and that's amazing to me that we
have people in our country and how to do
that and bang boosters light up for
those people talk all have been doing a
great job as far as I'm concerned with
all our new processing techniques and
all our new safety inspections in fact I
think the first two minutes ten seconds
of this ride is the safest time during
that time frame it doesn't bother me at
all I've watched those people Thiokol
really proud of them and we sure had a
good ride here right right now it's
probably about a minute and a half into
essent getting ready for the solid
rocket motors to separate it's kind of a
nice shot here you can see the shock
waves on the orbiter and on the external
tank we we push the limits this time a
little bit more of the envelope went to
a higher dynamic pressure than we've
been to before at this point it's
probably about 2 g's two to two and a
half GS the right is a little bit rough
on the sides it smoothes out quite a bit
once you get rid of the solid rocket
motors there they go another close-up
shot of the SRB Sep and make sure front
windows in front of aches and i go
opaque they literally just go pink very
bright flash when they come off another
of course the Rocketdyne engines keep on
running and boy those motors are complex
and I see all those people and they do a
great job making those engines run our
major activity on the first flight day
besides the launch
was to launch the tea dress I us complex
here we are we're up at 58 degrees and
getting ready for the deployed inside
the cockpit there's a lot of activity it
takes off I've clue people working
together to launch something like this
Jim and I were the primary people that
were involved in checking to uh I us
systems making sure everything was ready
for deploy and Mike's job was to make
sure that the shuttle was in the proper
attitude for the deployed David was the
person that did all the fine photography
and it's his work that we're looking at
right this minute and then John's job
was just to make sure all the rest of us
were doing our jobs and when we actually
did the deploy it looks like it's coming
out sort of in slow motion it's not
that's real time and the thing that
always surprises you is how close it
gets to the vehicle we're all looking
out and commented on how close it was
the vehicle and then John puts in some
impulses to move the shuttle away from
the IUS you can see this in just a
minute as we begin to move away now to
do a deploy involves not only the crew
people inside the shuttle but involves
all the people Mission Control that
order monitoring systems it also
involves people out at Sunnyvale who are
monitoring the IUS systems involves
people a Boeing involves the people up
at Goddard who are looking at the teatro
systems so you can see it's a huge
teamwork of people a big network of
people all across the United States
they're involved in launching something
like this satellite now our job in the
shuttle crew ended as soon as we got the
satellite out of the bay and then a
little bit later as we backed away from
it but then people had to continue to
monitor as the IUS was bringing the tea
dress on up to geosynchronous orbit I
actually got rid of our major payload
then the activity sort of focused down
in the mid deck we sort of looked at the
mid-deck as a place where we do our
eating in our sleeping it's also on
laboratory that we have on orbit and
Here I am working with a biomedical
manufacturing module
and this module we flown before and it's
going to fly several more times and it
has several syringes and then you can
put in different samples in the samples
we had we were growing different types
of cells and cell culture to see if they
would manufacture different amounts of
enzymes that would be of use and a later
type of manufacturing process and the
mid-deck is a very very valuable asset
asset that we as a country have to do
all these types of experiments shannon
has indicated we've we turned the
shuttle into a laboratory flying
laboratory after we deployed the i ust
drew satellite and here you're you're
seeing us perform Shannon and I are
performing one of about a dozen physical
science type experiments we had about an
equal number of medical supplementary
objectives or experiments on board this
particular one is a setup for an optical
coupler that that actually transmit
transmits video and audio signals
through fiber optics and through through
video couplers in the windows that you
see here this is really a test to find
out if if it's practical to use fiber
optic technology to transmit audio and
and video type signals in and out of the
cargo bay from the crew compartment of
the shuttle you're seeing a whole maze
of fiber-optic cables here that I'm
manipulating there and and also the
audio and video signals that come from
the TV monitors and go to the video
tapes that we have on board the shuttle
Shannon and I did a series of
experiments using this equipment and
took about an equivalent of about three
hours of data on videotapes to bring
back for analysis to find out how good a
quality we could maintain and what the
practicality is of doing this in the
shuttle this is another experiment where
we undertook to analyze the the
propagation of flame
grunts in solid materials in this case
ashless filter paper that's inside a
containment I'm igniting it here with my
push button you see the flashing light
in a moment you'll see the flame you'll
notice that the flame is round it
doesn't point up like a candle flame and
zero gravity a flame forms a sort of a
ball flame front as the paper burns
we've got a series of thermocouples
attached to the filter paper above and
on the paper to determine what the
nature of flame propagation is in zero
gravity okay this is a view of the
payload Bay and on the right side you
can see share sure was the space station
heat pipe advance radiator element it's
a mouthful but we took that up and
consists of two heat pipes which you can
see here that we tested for use on space
station instead would reject heat on
space station you could use many of
these elements in in a row basically and
the advantages that there's no moving
parts no pumps involved if they were to
take a meteorite hit the whole system
would still work unlike the systems that
we now use on the shuttle for instance
the results of the tests were excellent
it worked just as expected you know one
of the experiments that we did for the
space station was evaluating different
kinds of cursor control devices for use
on board the management system on Space
Station we used to macintosh computer
and for different kinds of cursor
control devices Jim Adamson Shannon
lucid and myself evaluated those
throughout the mission one of the
privileges that we had on this mission
was to fly some new software and some
new computers the first time that the
combination had ever flown together in
the space shuttle we've upgraded both
systems and among the software changes
that we've made as a new digital auto
pilot for flying on orbit called an
alternate digital auto pilot and in this
particular scene i'm working with john
to do a series of 22 flight
on the digital auto pilot and to find
out what kind of response is it provides
for the vehicle this is just a little
view up on the flight deck that I put in
just to show you a three really great
people working on orbit this is in
between while I had different clocks
running on different things they're
doing I catch them like this every now
and then so I thought I'd capture this
once on film but it's really a neat
thing to see all these human beings
working in space so well with the ground
trying to get everything accomplished
and I just think a lot of that and think
a lot of that capability that we have in
the country is it another demonstration
of some physical principles in
zero-gravity you can see a pair of long
nose pliers there that are very stable
in that mode when you open them up a
little bit you can see that they've got
to stable modes you can see even
flipping back and forth between those
two so David do this one so I told him I
had to get that on film this is a gym
working on the app flight deck for SSB
UV his space shuttle solar backscatter
UV experiment or data collector actually
it took both of us essentially to work
this secondary payload that's in a gas
can out in the payload Bay I would
maneuver the orbiter to either earth
viewing attitude or solar viewing
attitude and Jim would operate the APC
to open and close the lid and start two
different modes of the SSP UV sparrows
housing which what we call a gas can
which stands for get away special and
you can see the mechanical lid that we
actually actually activated from inside
the crew compartment using a little
computer and entering inputs very
fascinating experiment not exact not
designed to measure the ozone layer but
actually to calibrate other satellites
and instruments that do measure the
ozone layer what we would do is is
actually measure the backscatter
ultraviolet rays directly emitted from
the Sun and also then back scattered off
the earth so we would actually look at
the Sun with the experian and then turn
around and look at the earth this was
the battelle materials
for commercial development of space
investigation of polymer membrane
processing the bottom line is
microgravity they can get some idea to
physical and characteristics of
materials and as a result develop
improved membranes here on the planet to
be used for to help better filters for
liquids and solids
I think this is a that was a sunrise and
this is up on the flight deck it's just
a nice picture of the flight deck in
space me looking at the flight plan
there and and it was something I did a
lot and so somebody took this picture of
me once and we thought we needed a
picture of John being the commander
keeping track of all of us doing our
thing and making sure we stayed on the
timeline is great great man to work for
this is down in the mid deck again you'd
see this a lot different people trying
to get different types of work done all
in parallel and so just busy place on
the mid-back Shannon in the medical kit
here I asked her to get me some sleeping
pills why she was getting them I thought
I'd take a picture of her getting them
for me you can ask her about so will the
experiments that with the medical
experiments that we did had to do with
assessing the cardiovascular systems
this particular one was called blood
pressure variability in which we donned
an automatic blood pressure cuff and a
holter monitor you can see we were wired
for sound right there and for 24 hours
three different times during the flight
we had our heart rates and our blood
pressures taking constantly base John
and I all did that in fact we had to do
that pre-flight several two or three
times and we all and we've also done
that post like two or three times John's
a given a sign language there to say
that that's as its measuring his heart
rate there
now another one of the cardiovascular
medical experiments that we did was
running on the treadmill John and I did
that virtually every day for about 30
minutes per day when we did this we
donned a heart rate monitor that went
around our chest we also had a watch on
our wrist there that contained a readout
of what our heart rate was as well as a
time and during this 30 minutes every 10
minutes we would attempt to step our
heart rate up to a different a higher
level there again Jon and I both did
that on orbit jim was a control subject
he did it on the ground and so we've got
some some good date of all three of us
pre and post flight I'm going to see
David enter the scene here while I was
running down there and looked around
once and saw this and I thought I was
quite amazing he was trying to beat me
running around the world I think this
was our hamster experiment it's much
easier to run on that without these
straps probably the biggest medical
experiment that we had was called lower
body negative pressure in this
experiment bakes and I would would slide
inside that can there if you will which
had a waste seal that would come up and
seal around our waist and we could lower
the pressure inside that bag to about
minus 50 millimeters of mercury which is
equivalent stress on your heart of
standing up in 1g again this took took
place during four separate days on orbit
and as you can see here with the lower
body negative pressure device there it
took three people took up virtually the
entire mid-deck whenever we did this you
can see Shannon lucid was taking some
ultrasonic images of our hearts while we
were in that she's got a American flight
echocardiographic machine that is
actually recording that data there
you've got the subject in the bag and
then you've got another person that is
operating the controls down on the lower
end there and entering the data the
heart rate and blood pressure data on
board a Macintosh computer
and again this took up the major portion
of our days for four separate days while
we were on orbit
as I'm looking at this I'm just thinking
I'll comment the Space Shuttle is an
absolutely incredible machine I mean it
has tremendous flexibility and so you
know as you've seen here we deployed a
satellite on the first day and then a
tremendous amount of scientific and
medical research for the rest of the the
mission and a real national treasure
fact the only thing in the world it that
has this kind of capability so for
Americans ought to be very proud of this
system you might add also that I flew
this on sts 32 and they've made some
some great improvements both in the
comfort of the device as well as the the
hardware itself it's more automated and
easier to use now it's a picture on the
flight deck in between experiments you'd
catch different people with different
cameras here baixe has a telephoto
hasselblad lens camera and Jim had an IR
filter on different people trying to
take different pictures for
oceanographers meteorologists geologists
all around the world are different
requirements this is a beautiful scene
of our planet that's just a big blue
white bowl basically blue planets a good
description from the IMAX movie it's a
little sequence where I caught Mike
taking some pictures out of the pilots
window this is looking in the North
Africa you see the earth limb there at
the top Morocco Algeria Libya the
Mediterranean Sea really quite beautiful
our planet and of course these pictures
don't do it any justice but they're the
best we can return to you absolutely
beautiful this planet makes you realize
or no international boundaries because I
don't see the boundaries of any of those
countries there and in a real nice place
we need to take care of it there's a
sign I
Red Sea down into the Nile River Delta
they're really beautiful coming out of
Cairo and announce out toward the
towards the Aswan Dam Lake Nasser come
into the scene here in a second no
reason I'm showing you that is I'd flown
on to other missions and I never saw the
Aswan this time i did as china's
insinuated earth observation is one of
the favorite pastimes on orbit for
astronauts flying in space and i think
one of the things that that impresses me
the most about it is that since i was a
young man going to high school the
geology books as a result of the space
program have been almost totally
rewritten and the whole concept of plate
tectonics and shifting continental
shelves have has really been totally
rethought as a result of observations
made in space the senior sand right here
is one of the bad things that's all
equator oil fires burning running south
down into Saudi Arabia and when I saw
that and as murky as it looks there
that's just was the contrast that we saw
in orbit I mean the planet is beautiful
and you got to that area and what it
looked like the planet was out of focus
there's no question aquiel Fowler fires
are putting a lot of stuff into the
environment affecting the lives of five
billion people and billions of animals
and plants all over this planet and
hopefully get those fires out soon
you're not seeing this real good but
you're looking into the velocity vector
people always say what does it look like
on orbit as if you're on a space vehicle
where you're looking right down the
velocity vector here approaching the
Northwest portion of Australia quite
beautiful you're moving at 17,500 miles
an hour and that's what it looks like
one morning I was up eating breakfast
amala was eating breakfast this is what
i was looking at and I thought boy what
a lucky person I am to be able to see
this scene really a very beautiful
planet except when you see a scene like
we saw there and wait it's another
flight deck picture of some people
taking pictures here of the hurricane
that we saw Mike you may wanna talk
about that you saw what we saw actually
saw about four hurricanes on on our
flight this was a hurricane FIFA and we
had the opportunity to fly right over
the eye which was really quite
spectacular first the river so that we
saw this hurricane the I was not really
well developed and then when we timing
was perfect for us as soon as we as the
IE became developed that we flew right
over it you keep your eyes on the top
left of the screen you'll see a shooting
star just went by it's kind of
interesting to see that from space
because you're looking down on it sit up
at it solve different stars there on the
bottom of space and the planet of
courses dominates the upper 78 to that
picture and this is a bunch of lightning
storms going on people always ask what
do they look like from space so I
thought but throw a little of that in
this time and I think this is the
sunrise here and we're getting ready for
entry day and you're going to see the
payload bay doors coming closed I think
David came up with the camcorder and got
a pretty good sequence of German Shannon
but not in progress on the left side
there the payload bay doors starting to
close every time I see all this i wonder
how how does it work so much complexity
and I think it's really incredible
it's about two hours before the deorbit
burn roughly about the time to close
these doors
this is the entry timeframe and we're
about two hundred fifty thousand feet
here and out the front windows you can
really see the globe come up with a fire
and it's quite an amazing right every
time you do it you say wow what an
amazing vehicle and what a beautiful
ride coming in Jim took this photography
as John has indicated you spend most
your time in orbit falling around the
earth at about 17,500 feet a second and
in order to get back to earth the trick
is to take some of that velocity out of
your over it and actually slow down
which causes you to fall back into the
gravity field of the earth and in doing
so you generate an awful lot of heat and
some of the fire that you've seen
shooting up over the top of the vehicle
is symbol of that here we're going
subsonic come on over atop the Kennedy
Space Center and getting ready to turn
on to the heading alignment circle
that's about 90 degrees a turn to go
when I looking out the far left window
it was clear blue down there and by the
time I got to the front window I thought
it was going into the la smog that's
just what it looked like roll down on
final boil or shuttle training aircraft
training we get all of our training in
the kc-135 and all that really pays off
here you feel like you're right at home
biggs put the gear down and why would a
beautiful beautiful flying machine to me
it's easiest airplane to fly in the
world in this timeframe but again we get
a lot of excellent training that makes
it easy
it's kind of incredible to think that
that vehicle lifts off on top of a bunch
of rocket engine pushing it out into
space you do all that stuff and then it
comes back in it lands like this like an
airplane unbelievable I don't know where
we got all the people that knew how to
make that work but we do quite an
amazing machine with tremendous
flexibility to do many different
missions and of course we tell you about
that every time you hear about a
definition a lot of people wonder why it
takes the crew so long to get out of the
vehicle after we land and of course
going through the re-entry and
everything we need some sort of cooling
on board for all the avionics and once
we close the payload bay doors we don't
have the radiators anymore so one of the
things we used to cool the vehicle here
is ammonia boilers and the ammonia being
given off by the ammonia boilers creates
a kind of a cloud around the vehicle and
in this particular mission we had to
wait a little while to get out because
there was a lot of ammonia outside
blowing out of the ammonia boilers and
so it was pretty smelly trying to get
out of the vehicle so we had to wait a
bit for that to clear this little senior
shown you the crew working on that
flight deck after landing there we've
got to do a bunch of little things and I
don't know if you've seen that before so
we thought would throw it in coming out
of the vehicle here again I feel very
privileged to have had such a great team
of people to work with up an orbit I
wish them luck in any of their future
endeavors they were really a super group
of people and here's just a scene of the
Kennedy Space team putting the vehicle
getting it ready for sts 44 in November
you